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Ref.: Ms. No. ESWA-D-25-03614
Novel integration of depth mapping & object detection for Tree Biomass estimation in Eucalyptus camaldulensis L.
Expert Systems With Applications

Dear Dr Rathinavelu,

Thank you for submitting your manuscript to Expert Systems With Applications. I regret to inform you that your manuscript does not reach the required quality standard of this journal and we must therefore reject it. Please refer to the comments listed at the end of this letter for details of why I reached this decision.

We appreciate your submitting your manuscript to this journal and for giving us the opportunity to consider your work.

Kind regards,

Kuo-Yi Lin
Editor
Expert Systems With Applications

Comments:



Reviewer #3: In this paper, the author (s) proposed an AI model to measure the girth from the real-time captured image. However, it is not appropriate to accept it with its current form. The opinions, suggestions and criticisms listed below should be taken into account for the study in order to develop it and understood by the readers.

1. The study objectives must be clearly defined.
At the same time, the entire study should be reviewed again.
2. There is no sufficient and explanatory information about the Midas model.
3. You can add different visuals related to the data set.
Also, percentage ratios should be written in the models (train, test)
4. The model workflow does not explain the work sufficiently.
Each process should be shown step by step and the methods and models used should be written.
5. Some models were used in the study (Hybrid MiDAS, YoLoV5, XGBoost)
The results based on the metrics (Accuracy, , , ) written about these models should be presented as a table.
At the same time, it would be good to add running times to it.
6. It would be good to have the literature study under a separate heading.



Reviewer #6: The manuscript presents an approach that integrates object detection with monocular depth estimation to estimate tree girth and biomass. The topic and the study itself are quite interesting. However, the manuscript contains a significant number of shortcomings, which makes it difficult to understand the significance of the proposed methodology and to assess the validity of the results obtained. The experimental design is not well defined and lacks a clear definition of the methodology, data pre-processing and validation of the results.
* "Tree girth is the major contributory parameter for biomass estimation, we demonstrated a hybrid DL model with high accuracy (R2: 0.99) and low error rate ranges from -0.002 to +0.002 cm in girth measurement". The manuscript misleadingly states that R² equates to accuracy, which is incorrect. R² does not indicate the accuracy of the prediction. The correct metric should be specified. The use of the term "error rate" in this context is incorrect and misleading. The stated error range (-0.002 to +0.002) is out of context. It is not obvious whether it is mean absolute error, standard deviation or maximum error.
* The manuscript lacks a clear and structured presentation of the contribution. There is no clear section emphasising the novelty of the work.
* The description is difficult to follow due to poor organisation of the sections, lack of logical and clear structure. Many sections contain too much technical detail without sufficient explanation, making it difficult to understand the main results.
* The study was conducted solely on Eucalyptus camaldulensis, with no evaluation of other tree species. There is no evidence that the model performs well on other datasets. The authors do not test the model under different environmental conditions (e.g. lighting, occlusions, seasonal variations). This reduces its applicability in real-world scenarios.
* The manuscript does not clearly compare the proposed approach with existing biomass estimation methods. There is no comparative analysis with standard datasets or other deep learning models for biomass estimation.
* "The non-linear distribution with R² of -37.76 shows weak inverse correlation between actual distance and distance in pixel." (see Figure 4). R² = -37.76 may indicate a critical problem in the regression analysis. It is worth checking the calculations, validate the data set and check the model assumptions.
* The article has a very large number of errors, inaccuracies, which prevents the correct comprehension of information (for example, "Volin plot explains", "were mentioned under title Tree Biomass Predictor in the Sublimentary section (6.2)", "Evaluation metrices", etc.).
* Most of the formulas are presented in an inappropriate way or are incorrect. Some formulas are zero because they subtract a variable from itself (see Localization loss).

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ORCID

• Orcid ID: 0000-0002-2730-5408
• Email: r@rajkumar.in
• Pwd: vA_disur

Biomass

• https://hub.docker.com/r/arunindiran/biomass

Submission Log

1. 13 Feb 2025 | Biomass and Bioenergy
2. 28 AUG 2024 | Industrial Crops & Products
3. 23 AUG 2024 | Journal of environmental Management
4. 21 AUG 2024 | Remote Sensing of environment
5. 8 AUG 2024 | Computers and Electronics in Agriculture
6. JUL 2024 | Field Crop research | Rejected
7. JUL 2024 | Precision Agriculture | Rejected
8. MAR 2024 | Computers and Electronics in Agriculture | withdrawn

In Preparation

1. Corymbia-Association-Colinearity
2. Casuarina_Newclones
3. Euca_Informed_Selection_Models

Submitted

1. Kullan ARK, Kamalakannan R, Mohan V, Rajkumar R (2016) Paternity reconstruction and genetic parameter analysis using bulked seeds from hybridization orchards of E. camaldulensis and E. urophylla (Accepted-Journal of Genetics).

Published

2017

1. N Kotrappa, PS Hendre, R Rathinavelu (2017) Intra and intergeneric transferable gene-derived orthologous microsatellite markers in Eucalyptus and Corymbia species. 2017. Journal of Forest Research 22 (1), 65-68

2016

1. Kullan ARK, Kulkarni AV, Suresh R, Rajkumar R (2016) Development of microsatellite markers and their use in genetic diversity and population structure analysis in Casuarina. Tree Genetics and Genomes 12(3): 49 (doi:10.1007/s11295-016-1009-8).

2011

1. S Hendre, R Kamalakannan, R Rajkumar, M Varghese. (2011) High-throughput targeted SNP discovery using Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) in few selected candidate genes in Eucalyptus camaldulensis P BMC Proceedings 5 (7), O17
2. Ragupathy, Raja; Rathinavelu, Rajkumar; Cloutier, Sylvie (2011) Physical mapping and BAC-end sequence analysis provide initial insights into the flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) genome BMC genomics 12 (1): 217
3. Mishra, Manoj Kumar; Tornincasa, Patrizia; De Nardi, Barbara; Asquini, Elisa; Dreos, René; Del Terra, Lorenzo; Rathinavelu, Rajkumar; Rovelli, Paola; Pallavicini, Alberto; Graziosi, Giorgio(2011) Genome organization in coffee as revealed by EST PCRRFLP, SNPs and SSR analysis Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology 14 (1): 25
4. Nagabhushana, Kengavanar; Hendre, Prasad Suresh; Sharma, Navin; Rathinavelu, Rajkumar(2011) Novel design and deployment of orthologous genic SSR markers in Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh BMC Proceedings 5 (7) P51
5. Hendre, Prasad Suresh; Kamalakannan, Rathinam; Rajkumar, Rathinavelu; Varghese, Mohan(2011) High-throughput targeted SNP discovery using Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) in few selected candidate genes in Eucalyptus camaldulensis BMC Proceedings 5 (7) O17

2006

1. De Nardi, Barbara; Dreos, Rene; Del Terra, Lorenzo; Martellossi, Chiara; Asquini, Elisa; Tornincasa, Patrizia; Gasperini, Debora; Pacchioni, Beniamina; Rathinavelu, Rajkumar; Pallavicini, Alberto; 2006 Differential responses of Coffea arabica L. leaves and roots to chemically induced systemic acquired resistance Genome 49 12 1594-1605

2005

1. Rathinavelu, Rajkumar; Graziosi, Giorgio; 2005 Uso alternativo potencial de detritos e subprodutos do café Organização Internacional do Café. Trieste (Italia): ICS-Unido, Parque da Ciência Padriciano

2004

1. Aggarwal, Ramesh K; Rajkumar, R; Rajendrakumar, P; Hendre, Prasad S; Baruah, A; Phanindranath, R; Annapurna, V; Prakash, NS; Santaram, A; Srinivasan, CS; 2004 Fingerprinting of Indian coffee selections and development of reference DNA polymorphism panels for creating molecular IDs for variety identification Proceedings of 20th international conference on coffee science (ASIC) Bangalore, India 751-755

2003

1. Baruah, A; Naik, V; Hendre, PS; Rajkumar, R; Rajendrakumar, P; Aggarwal, RK; 2003 Isolation and characterization of nine microsatellite markers from Coffea arabica L., showing wide cross‐species amplifications Molecular Ecology Notes 3 4 647-650

2002

1. Aggarwal, R; Shenoy, V; Ramadevi, J; Rajkumar, R; Singh, L; 2002 Molecular characterization of some Indian Basmati and other elite rice genotypes using fluorescent-AFLP Theoretical and Applied Genetics 105 5 680-690